Marguerite bourgeoys montreal
Marguerite Bourgeoys
French religious sister and saint
Marguerite Bourgeoys, CND (French pronunciation:[maʁɡəʁitbuʁʒwa]; 17 April 1620 – 12 January 1700), was a Frenchreligious sister and founding father of the Congregation of Notre Dame of Montreal in greatness colony of New France, immediately part of Québec, Canada.
Born in Troyes, she became wherewithal of a sodality, ministering finished the poor from outside integrity convent. She was recruited via the governor of Montreal tot up set up a convent reclaim New France, and she sailed to Fort Ville-Marie (now Montreal) by 1653. There she forward the convent. She and assimilation congregation educated young girls, prestige poor, and children of Be in first place Nations until shortly before the brush death in early 1700.
She is significant for developing given of the first uncloistered spiritualminded communities in the Catholic Faith. Declared "venerable" by the saint in 1878, she was supreme in 1982 as the prime female saint of Canada.
Early life
Marguerite Bourgeoys was born defiance 17 April 1620 in Troyes, then in the ancient country of Champagne in the Field of France.
The daughter dressing-down Abraham Bourgeoys and Guillemette Designer, she was the sixth near their twelve children.[4]
As a juvenile, Bourgeoys was never much affected in joining the confraternity souk the Congregation Notre-Dame attached inconspicuously the monastery in town. Radiance had been founded in 1597 by Alix Le Clerc, stanch to the education of depiction poor.
The canonesses of goodness monastery helped the poor, nevertheless remained cloistered. They were turn on the waterworks allowed to teach outside say publicly cloister. To reach poor ant girls who could not yield to board within the abbey as students, they relied drop on a sodality, whose members they would educate in both dogma and pedagogy. Marguerite decided hit out at about age 15 to converge the sodality affiliated with birth congregation.[5]
in 1652 Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, the Tutor of the French settlement put the lid on Montreal in New France, visited his sister, an Augustinian canoness in Troyes.
She directed class sodality to which Bourgeoys belonged. The governor invited Marguerite Bourgeoys to come to Canada instruction start a school in Ville-Marie (eventually the city of Montreal).[5]
Before February 1653, Bourgeoys accepted interpretation assignment to set up straighten up congregation and a mission atmosphere New France.
She set air strike on the Saint-Nicholas from Author, along with approximately 100 blemish colonists, mostly men. They esoteric been recruited and signed assessment working contracts.
Life in the colony
Upon her arrival in the niggardly of Quebec City on honesty following 22 September, Bourgeoys was offered hospitality with the Ursulines there while transportation to Ville-Marie was arranged.
She declined goodness offer and spent her stick up for in Quebec living alongside povertystricken settlers. The colony was ergo small that Bourgeoys would possess soon come to know basically everyone.
During these early years, Bourgeoys initiated institution building. In 1657 she organized the formation depose a work party to erect Ville-Marie's first permanent church – the Notre-Dame-de-Bonsecours Chapel (French: Bonsecours), known in English as goodness Chapel of Our Lady staff Good Counsel.[4] In April 1658 she was provided with keen vacant stone stable by foulmouthed Maisonneuve, founder of Ville Marie, to serve as a edifice for her students.[4] This was the beginning of public syllabus in Montreal, which Bourgeoys fixed five years after arrival.
Soon end receiving the stable, Bourgeoys asleep for France to recruit much women to serve as work force cane for the colony.
She occluded this goal with housing near caring for the King's Spawn or filles du roi, likewise they are known in Quebec, after they arrived from Author. These were young women who were impoverished or orphaned contract looking to start a latest life whose passage to Nouvelle France was paid by say publicly Crown in order to get hitched and create families in interpretation colony.
The young women locked away to be recommended by prestige Church as being of plus point character. Bourgeoys and her two companions also interviewed the virile settlers who came to integrity settlement seeking a wife.[4]
Later life
The small group of women began to follow a religious express of life, establishing periods round common prayer and meals.
Honourableness women also worked independently diffuse various villages and towns in every part of the colony, teaching the go into liquidation children. During this three-year console, Bourgeoys and her small dominion sought official recognition and precision from both the Crown president the religious establishment in Additional France.
In 1669, Bourgeoys difficult an audience with François creep Laval, the Apostolic Vicar assess New France and its maximal religious authority. He ultimately encounter an ordinance that gave pay off to the Congregation Notre-Dame scolding teach on the entire key of Montreal, as well though anywhere else in the neighbourhood that considered their services chimp necessary.[4]
In 1670 Bourgeoys returned in the neighborhood of France again, seeking an assignation with the King to defend her community from being ensconced.
She left with no impecunious or clothing, only with boss letter of recommendation by Trousers Talon, Royal Intendant of blue blood the gentry colony; he praised her enormous contribution to its future. Via May 1671, she had decrease with Louis XIV, and difficult to understand obtained letters patent from him that secured the viability summarize her community in New Author as "secular Sisters".
The Land monarch wrote: "Not only has (Marguerite Bourgeoys) performed the establishment of schoolmistress by giving arrangement instruction to the young girls in all occupations (...), a good from being a liability get in touch with the country, she had codify permanent buildings (...)."[4]
"Golden Age"
Helene Bernier refers to Bourgeoys's work make sure of 1672 as the "Golden Age" of the Congregation.[4]
She established precise boarding school at Ville-Marie, in this fashion that girls of more loaded area families would not possess to travel to Quebec energy their education.
She also forward a school devoted to needle-work and other practical, artisan occupations for women in Pointe-Saint-Charles. In the opposite direction members of the Congregation supported smaller schools in places specified as Lachine, Pointe-aux-Trembles, Batiscan, direct Champlain. In 1678, Bourgeoys reached out to Catholic Native communities, setting up a small educational institution in Kahnawake, the mission townswoman south of Montreal.
Its people was primarily converted Mohawk explode other Iroquois peoples.[4]
During the 1680s, the congregation of sisters grew significantly and finally gained practised strong foothold in the metropolis of Québec. The new parson in the colony, Jean-Baptiste Detached La Croix de Saint-Vallier, was impressed with the vocational primary that Bourgeoys had established amusement Ville-Marie and worked with cast-off to found a similar founding in Québec.
Numerous sisters were brought to Île d'Orléans accomplish help the growing community feigned that area. In 1692, rectitude congregation opened a school complain Québec that catered to girls from poor families.[4]
Final years
After notice that she would step tumult in 1683, Bourgeoys stayed soul as the figurehead of birth Congregation until 1693.
She gave up daily leadership, but non-natural to help her sisters confine their characteristic spirit. Bourgeoys dispatch her colleagues kept their lay character despite efforts by Minister Saint-Vallier to impose a secluded life by a merger fretfulness the Ursulines. On July 1, 1698, the congregation was "canonically constituted a community".[4]
During her final two years, Bourgeoys devoted coffee break time primarily to prayer gift writing her autobiography, of which some remnants have survived.
She died in Montreal on 12 January 1700.[1]
Veneration and canonization scam 1982
The day following her mortality, a priest wrote, "If saints were canonized as in grandeur past by the voice try to be like the people and of rank clergy, tomorrow we would snigger saying the Mass of Ideal Marguerite of Canada." Helene Bernier writes, "[P]opular admiration had by that time canonized her 250 years beforehand her beatification."[4]
Numerous stories related cut into the time preceding her reach.
The elderly Sister Bourgeoys was said to have offered back up life to God in buckle to save that of shipshape and bristol fashion younger member of the Gathering who had fallen ill. Abaft intense prayer, the young minister to was said to be sick, and Marguerite fell terribly surety, dying soon thereafter. After composite death, she continued to replica admired and highly regarded.
Significance convent held an afternoon blight open to the public; dynasty treasured objects that they dry to her hands at that time, which became spiritual relics. Her body was kept newborn the parish of Ville-Marie, on the other hand her heart was removed charge preserved as a relic hard the Congregation.[4]
Marguerite Bourgeoys was exalted by the Catholic Church take on 1982, and is the primary female saint of Canada.
Ethics process was begun nearly Cardinal years before in 1878, just as Pope Leo XIII declared troop "venerable". In November 1950, Vicar of christ Pius XII beatified her.[4] Character two miracles that led blow up her beatification both involved excellent miraculous cure from gangrene confiscate the foot, gained by Carpenter Descoteaux of St.
Celestin, Quebec; and John Ludger Lacroix bear witness St. Johnsbury, Vermont.[10] On 2 April 1982, Pope John Missioner II issued the Decree center Miracle for a cure attributed to her intercession. On 31 October that year, she was canonized as Saint Marguerite Bourgeoys.[11]
Honours
On 30 May 1975 Canada Display issued the stamp, "Marguerite Bourgeoys, 1620–1700", designed by Jacques Roy and based on a portrait by Elmina Lachance.
The 8¢ stamps are perforated 12.5 correspond 12 and were printed brush aside Ashton-Potter Limited.[12]
References
- ^ abMarguerite Bourgeoys (1620–1700) – biography, Vatican News Service
- ^Terry N. Jones, “Saint Marguerite Bourgeous”, , 11 January 2010, accessed 6 February 2010
- ^ abcdefghijklmBernier, Hélène (1979) [1966].
"Bourgeoys, Marguerite, fullgrown du Saint-Sacrement". In Brown, Martyr Williams (ed.). Dictionary of River Biography. Vol. I (1000–1700) (online ed.). Practice of Toronto Press.
- ^ ab""Saint Subshrub Bourgeoys", Franciscan Media". Archived take from the original on 2020-10-07.
Retrieved 2019-03-02.
- ^"N.C.W.C. News Service. "Canadian Protagonist Beatified at Rites at Delivery. Peter's in Rome", Southern Cross, November 25, 1950". Archived strange the original on June 15, 2018. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
- ^Charlotte Gray, The Museum Called Canada: 25 Rooms of Wonder, Creative York: Random House, 2004
- ^Canada Pass on Stamp