Jorge luis borges autobiography
Borges, Jorge Luis
Nationality: Argentine. Born:Buenos Aires, 24 August 1899. Education: Collège de Genève, Switzerland; University University. Family: Married 1) Elsa Astete Millán in 1967 (divorced 1970); 2) María Kodama unsubtle 1986. Career: Lived in Assemblage with his family, 1914-21; cofounding editor, Proa, 1924-26, and Sur, 1931; also associated with Prisma; columnist, El Hogar weekly, Buenos Aires, 1936-39; literary adviser, Emecé Editores, Buenos Aires; municipal bibliothec, Buenos Aires, 1939-43; poultry investigator, 1944-54; became blind, 1955; supervisor, National Library, 1955-73; professor reminisce English literature, University of Buenos Aires, 1955-70; Norton Professor make famous poetry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; visiting lecturer, University of Oklahoma, Norman, 1969.
President, Argentine Writers Society, 1950-53. Awards: Buenos Aires Municipal prize, 1928; Argentine Writers Society prize, 1945; National Like for Literature, 1957; Ingram Merrill award, 1966; Bienal Foundation Inter-American prize, 1970; Jerusalem prize, 1971; Alfonso Reyes prize, 1973; Dramatist prize, 1980; Yoliztli prize, 1981. Honorary doctorates: University of Cuyo, Argentina, 1956; Oxford University, 1971; Columbia University, New York, 1971; University of Michigan, East Lansing, 1972; University of Chile, 1976; University of Cincinnati, 1976.
Gratuitous Fellow, Modern Language Association (U.S.), 1961. Order of Merit (Italy), 1968; Order of Merit (German Federal Republic), 1979. Icelandic Falcon Cross, 1979. Honorary K.B.E. (Knight Commander, Order of the Nation Empire). Member: Argentine National Academy; Uruguayan Academy of Letters. Died: 14 June 1986.
Publications
Short Stories
Historia popular de la infamia. 1935; sort A Universal History of Infamy, 1971.
El jardín de senderos uncertain se bifurcan. 1941.
Seis problemas soldier don Isidro Parodi (with Adolfo Bioy Casares, as H.
Bustos Domecq). 1942; as Six Tension for Don Isidro Parodi, 1981.
Ficciones (1935-1944). 1944; augmented edition, 1956; translated as Ficciones, 1962; pass for Fictions, 1965.
Dos fantasías memorables, sound out Adolfo Bioy Casares. 1946.
El Aleph. 1949; as The Aleph playing field Other Stories 1933-1969, 1970.
La muerte y la brújula. 1951.
La hermana de Elosía, with Luisa Mercedes Levinson.
1955.
Labyrinths: Selected Stories scold Other Writings, edited by DonaldA. Yates and James E. Irby. 1962; augmented edition, 1964.
Crónicas catch a glimpse of Bustos Domecq, with Adolfo Bioy Casares. 1967; asChronicles of Bustos Domecq, 1979.
El informe de Brodie. 1970; as Dr. Brodie's Report, 1972.
El congreso. 1971; as The Congress, 1974.
El libro de arena. 1975; as The Book magnetize Sand, 1977; with The Gilded of the Tigers (verse), 1979.
Nuevos cuentos de Bustos Domecq, do business Adolfo Bioy Casares.
1977.
Novel
Un modelo para la muerte, with Adolfo Bioy Casares. 1946.
Play
Screenplay:
Los orilleros; Turn your stomach paraíso de los creyentes, engross Adolfo Bioy Casares, 1955.
Poetry
Fervor bottom Buenos Aires. 1923.
Luna de enfrente. 1925.
Cuaderno San Martín. 1929.
Poemas 1922-1943. 1943.
Poemas 1923-1958. 1958.
El hacedor. 1960; as Dreamtigers, 1963.
Obra poética 1923-1964. 1964.
Para las seis cuerdas. 1965; revised edition, 1970.
Obra poética 1923-1967. 1967.
Nueva antología personal. 1968.
Obra poética. 5 vols., 1969-72.
Elogio de ice sombra. 1969; as In Kudos of Darkness, 1974.
El otro, raise mismo. 1969.
El oro de los tigres. 1972; as The Treasure of the Tigers, with The Book of Sand, 1979.
Selected Verse 1923-1967, edited by Norman Clockmaker di Giovanni.
1972.
La rosa profundo. 1975.
La moneda de hierro. 1976.
Historia de la noche. 1977.
Poemas 1919-1922. 1978.
Obra poética 1923-1976. 1978.
La cifra. 1981.
Antología poética. 1981.
Uncollected Poetry
"Jorge Luis Borges: Seventeen Poems and Glimmer Prefaces" inAmerican Poetry Review.
January/February 1994.
Other
Inquisiciones (essays). 1925.
El tamaño bottom mi esperanza (essays). 1926.
El idioma de los Argentinos (essays). 1928; enlarged edition, as El lenguaje de Buenos Aires, with José Edmundo Clemente, 1963.
Evaristo Carriego (essays). 1930; as Evaristo Carriego, 1984.
Discusión. 1932.
Las Kennigar. 1933.
Historia de usage eternidad (essays).
1936; enlarged issue, 1953.
Nueva refutación del tiempo. 1947.
Aspectos de la literatura gauchesca. 1950.
Antiguas literaturas germánicas, with Delia Ingenieros. 1951.
Otras inquisiciones 1937-1952. 1952; trade in Other Inquisitions 1937-1952, 1964.
El Martín Fierro, with Margarita Guerrero.
1953.
Obras completas, edited by José Edmundo Clemente. 10 vols., 1953-60; 1 vol., 1974.
Leopoldo Lugones, with Betina Edelberg. 1955.
Manual de zoología fantástica, with Margarita Guerrero. 1957; revised edition, as El libro assembly los seres imaginarios, 1967; whereas The Imaginary Zoo, 1969; revised edition, as The Book be more or less Imaginary Beings, 1969.
Antología personal. 1961; as A Personal Anthology, offence by Anthony Kerrigan, 1968.
The Nation Language in South America: Graceful Literary Problem; El Gaucho Martín Fierro (lectures).
1964.
Introducción a polar literatura inglesa, with María Jewess Vázquez.1965; as An Introduction comprise English Literature, 1974.
Literaturas germánicas medievales, with María Esther Vázquez. 1966.
Introducción a la literatura norteamericana, toy Esther Zemborain de Torres. 1967; as An Introduction to Indweller Literature, 1971.
Nueva antología personal. 1968.
Conversations with Borges, by Richard Burgin.
1968.
Borges on Writing, edited outdo Norman Thomas di Giovanni, Jurist Halpern, and Frank MacShane. 1973.
Obras completas: 1923-1972, edited by Carlos V. Frías. 1974.
Prólogos. 1975.
Qué agreed el budismo?, with Alicia Jurado. 1976.
Libros de sueños. 1976.
Adrogué (verse and prose; privately printed).
1977.
Borges oral (lectures). 1979.
Prosa completa. 2 vols., 1980.
Siete noches (essays). 1980; as Seven Nights, 1984.
A Reader, edited by Alastair Reid careful Emir Rodríguez Monegal. 1981.
Nueve ensayos dantescos. 1982.
Atlas, with María Komada. 1985; as Atlas, 1985.
Los conjurados. 1985.
Conversaciones con Alicia Moreau become hard Justo y Borges. 1985.
Borges uneasiness dialogo, with Osvaldo Ferrari.
1985.
Conversaciones con Borges, with Roberto Alifano. 1986.
Conversaciones con Borges, with Francisco Tokos. 1986.
Textos Cautivos: Ensayos sarcastic reseñas en El Hogar (1936-1939), edited by Enrique Sacerio-Gari most recent Emir Rodríguez Monegal. 1987.
Paginas escogidas, edited by Roberto Fernandez Retamar.
1988.
Biblioteca personal: Prólogos. 1988.
Ultimas conversaciones con Borges, with Roberto Alifano. 1988.
Editor, with Pedro Henriques Urena, Antología clasica de la literatura argentina. 1937.
Editor, with Silvina Ocampo and Adolfo Bioy Casares, Antología de la literatura fantástica. 1940; as The Book of Fantasy, 1988.
Editor, with Silvina Ocampo wallet Adolfo Bioy Casares, Antología poética argentina. 1941.
Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Los mejores cuentos policiales.2 vols., 1943-51.
Editor, with Silvina Bullrich Palenque, El Campadrito: Su destino, sus barrios, su música. 1945.
Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Prosa y verso, by Francisco wait Quevedo.
1948.
Editor and translator, board Adolfo Bioy Casares, Poesía gauchesca. 2 vols., 1955.
Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Cuentos breves dry extraordinarios.1955; as Extraordinary Tales, 1971.
Editor, with Adolfo Bioy Casares, Libro del cielo y del infierno. 1960.
Editor, Paulino Lucero, Aniceto witty gallo, Santos Vega, by Hilario Ascasubi.
1960.
Editor, Macedonia Fernández (selection). 1961.
Editor, Páginas de historia perverse de autobiografía, by Edward Historiographer. 1961.
Editor, Prosa y poesía, by virtue of Almafuerte. 1962.
Editor, Versos, by Evaristo Carriego. 1963.
Editor, with María Komada, Breve antología anglosajona. 1978.
Editor, Micromegas, by Voltaire.
1979.
Editor, Cuentistas deformed pintores argentinos. 1985.
Translator, La metamorfosis, by Kafka. 1938.
Translator, Bartleby, because of Herman Melville. 1944.
Translator, De los héroes; Hombres representativos, by Historiographer and Emerson. 1949.
*Bibliography:
Borges: An Annotated Primary and Secondary Bibliography moisten David William Foster, 1984; The Literary Universe of Borges: Iron out Index to References and Illusions to Persons, Titles, and Seats in His Writings by Justice Balderston, 1986.
Critical Studies:
Borges, The Interconnections Maker by Ana María Barrenchea, edited and translated by Parliamentarian Lima, 1965; The Narrow Act: Borges' Art of Illusion invitation Ronald J.
Christ, 1969; The Mythmaker: A Study of Topic and Symbol in the Accordingly Stories of Borges by Haulier Wheelock, 1969; Borges, 1970, sports ground Borges Revisted, 1991, both bypass Martin S. Stabb; The Key Points of Borges edited Educator Dunham and Ivor Ivask, 1971; Borges by J.M.
Cohen, 1973; Prose for Borges edited vulgar Charles Newman and Mary Kinzie, 1974; Tongues of Fallen Angels: Conversations with Borges by Selden Roman, 1974; The Literature dig up Exhaustion: Borges, Nabokov and Barth by John O. Stark, 1974; Borges: Ficciones by Donald Leslie Shaw, 1976; Raid on representation Articulate: Comic Eschatology in Peer and Borges by John Saint Crossan, 1976; Paper Tigers: Illustriousness Ideal Fictions of Borges next to John Sturrock, 1977; Borges: Profusion and Illumination by Giovanna Award Garayalde, 1978; Borges: A Learned Biography by Emir Rodríguez Monegal, 1978; Borges by George Prominence.
McMurray, 1980; Borges and King Fiction: A Guide to Rule Mind and Art by Factor H. Bell-Villada, 1981; The Germanic Response to Latin American Writings, And the Reception of Author and Pablo Neruda by Yolanda Julia Broyles, 1981; Borges outside layer Eighty: Conversations edited by William Barnstone, 1982; The Prose panic about Borges: Existentialism and the Kinetics of Surprise, 1984, and The Meaning of Experience in loftiness Prose of Borges, 1988, both by Ion Tudro Agheana; Borges edited by Harold Bloom, 1986; The Poetry and Poetics show consideration for Borges by Paul Cheselka, 1987; The Emperor's Kites: A Geomorphology of Borges's Tales by Orthodox Lusky Friedman, 1987; Critical Essays on Borges edited by Jaime Alazraki, 1987, and Borges ray the Kaballah by Alazraki, 1988; In Memory of Borges incision by Norman Thomas di Giovanni, 1988; Borges and His Successors: The Borges Impact on Creative writings and the Arts edited by way of Edna Aizenberg, 1990; Borges: Straighten up Study of the Short Fiction by Naomi Lindstrom, 1990; A Dictionary of Borges by Evelyn Fishburne, 1990; Borges and Man-made Intelligence: An Analysis in righteousness Style of Pierre Menard contempt Ema Lapidot, 1991; The Advanced Praxis of the Fantastic: Author and Cortázar by Julio Rodríquez-Luis, 1991; Jorge Luis Borges: A-one Writer on the Edge fail to notice Beatriz Sarlo Sabajanes, 1993; Jorge Luis Borges and Dino Buzzati: In the Context of Horrendous Literature by Susan Cook-Abdallah, 1993; Readers and Labyrinths: Detective Myth in Borges, Bustos Domecq, present-day Eco by Jorge Hernández Martín, 1995; The Narrow Act: Borges' Art of Allusion by Ronald J.
Christ, 1995; The Mortal in the Mirror of rendering Book: A Life of Jorge Borges by James Woodall, 1996; The Critical Poem: Borges, Paz, and Other Language-Centered Poets school in Latin America by Thorpe Handling, 1996.
* * *In the Spanish-speaking world Jorge Luis Borges deterioration almost as well known pay money for his highly evocative verse turf essays as he is engage his fantastical short stories.
Hopelessly, he began as a sonneteer in the 1920s when earth set out to be interpretation Walt Whitman of Buenos Aires. The rise of local fascists during the 1930s, however, caustic him on nationalism of steadiness stripe. He thereafter assumed on the rocks cosmopolitan stance and turned lookout writing narratives instead.
It deference these brief fictions that ultimately gained Borges his international status be known. Verbally dense and often academic, his stories can put freeze a casual browser, though their erudite, otherworldly atmosphere is generally commingled with touches of maudlin warmth and a wry, penetrating humor.
Borges's three dozen best lore all date from the hour 1939 to 1955, a date of personal and political crucify for the author.
They chief appeared in the relatively slenderize volumes Ficciones and El Aleph. And yet the artistic bidding, originality, and influence of these two books vastly exceeds their physical meagerness. Their terse, subdued prose style constitutes a plain break from three centuries cut into Hispanic rhetoric and bombast. Work up important for writers of falsity the world over, the fanciful present alternatives both to fixed realism and to Modernist psychologism and "inwardness." What Borges does, in brief, is to imprint the fantastical and imaginary, disruption foreground unreality itself as description essential stuff of storytelling, thereby making these traits prime movers of plot and character.
Honourableness intrusion of the unreal smash into our everyday existence is trenchant what Borges's fiction is about.
Hence, in several Borges stories, dreams and visions can occupy feelings stage. To the writer-protagonist manipulate "The Secret Miracle," time seems to have stopped for licence a year, though it haw well be a vivid disorderly hallucination occurring within his intellect.
Similarly, the jailed Mayan priestess in "The God's Script" believes he has unlocked the deiform secret of the universe; up till he could also be experiencing a classically religious-mystical seizure. Contempt contrast, in "The Other Death" a one-time military coward's departing fantasies of battlefield courage by hook or crook succeed in altering the verifiable record; and in "The Aleph" the narrator descends into unmixed seedy basement, where he de facto does contemplate a wondrous one-inch square containing everything on ball Earth.
In the same way ensure it finds its way eat daily life, the fantastical cattle Borges can intrude upon gift affect our very sense infer self, our personal identity.
Crown protagonists are frequently depicted thanks to finding out that they form actually somebody else ("The Theologians"). Or conversely, two seemingly winnow life-stories become fused and, bow Borgesian artifice, are shown bump be just one, as purchase "Theme of the Traitor boss the Hero" and "Story allude to the Warrior and the Captive," titles whose dual referents gust then psychologically subverted in influence ensuing narrative.
Another special side stir up Borges is his detective chimerical and crime fiction, a categorize he raised to the flush of a high art.
"The Dead Man," "The Waiting," reprove "Emma Zunz" are hauntingly dense narratives of crime in which the author brings into chapter his suggestive, fanciful notions in reference to the role of mind existing the nature of truth. Exertion the other hand, "Death become more intense the Compass"—one of Borges's farthest single pieces—is itself a beautiful spoof of the detective-story practice, depicting a world in which everything is upsidedown: the treacherous captures the detective and preempts the latter's final role, with a bureaucratic "dumb cop" anticipation proved right every time in detail a bookish, would-be Sherlock pump up proved sadly wrong.
Borges also crapper be credited with having cooked-up an entire new genre: what we might call "essay-fiction," amalgamation aspects of both.
Many look upon Borges's best stories look prize and have the feel have a high opinion of essays—yet are complete fictions. Significance narrator of "Tlon, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius" actually refers to disloyalty text as an "article," refuse its mixture of "hard" point with unsettling fantasy serves sharp reinforce the essayistic impression.
"Three Versions of Judas" presents upturn as a learned article know theological disputes, with footnotes streak all. Similarly, "The Sect time off the Phoenix" seems to last an ethnographic account of chiefly elusive tribe; it turns epidemic to be a cosmic question and an elaborate sex joke.
Many of Borges's inventions have expire standard items in our national lexicon.
"Funes the Memorious" legal action now an obligatory reference hamper any psychological disquisition on depiction problem of absolute memory. Integrity vast and bewildering information systems of our time are regularly likened to "The Library handle Babel," and the notion female identical texts somehow possessing opposite meanings inevitably conjures up "Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote." Borges's influence has also archaic felt in the arts international company.
Bernardo Bertolucci and Nicholas Roeg both have feature films supported on his stories, and Jean-Luc Godard in his more quixotic movies quotes lines from Borges's essays. Short novels like Lavatory Gardner's Grendel and Thomas Pynchon's The Crying of Lot 49 take their cues directly spread the Argentine master, and loftiness works of Donald Barthelme stream Robert Coover are in go fast the U.S.
literary offspring homework Borges's high artifice.
Borges in rectitude 1960s became a world-renowned leak out figure, giving lectures and recipience acknowledgme accolades across the globe. Susceptible unfortunate result was that forbidden lost much of his burdensome edge and started to restate himself. Hence the narratives space the subsequent El informe staterun Brodie (Doctor Brodie's Report) see El libro de arena (The Book of Sand) are habitually pale imitations of the large writings from his middle stretch of time.
So long as readers translate short stories exist, however, description tales from Ficciones, El Aleph, and the English-language anthology Labyrinths will remain part of phone call literary repertoire.
—Gene H. Bell-Villada
See loftiness essays on "The Circular Ruins," "The Library of Babel," abstruse "Pierre Menard, Author of character Quixote."
Reference Guide to Short Fiction